31 March, 2016

Prostate cancer rates inversely related to ejaculatory frequency


See the source article by following the link below:
Prostate cancer rates inversely related to ejaculatory frequency

Astronomers have found a star with a 99.9% pure oxygen atmosphere. The exotic and incredibly strange star, nicknamed Dox, is the only of its kind in the known universe.


Based on previous research that found that women using hormonal contraceptives self-reported 4.5 times more seizures than those that did not use oral contraceptives, a new study suggests that ethinyl estradiol, the primary component of oral contraceptives, could be detrimental to the epileptic brain


The moon thought to play a major role in maintaining Earth's magnetic field


See the source article by following the link below:
The moon thought to play a major role in maintaining Earth's magnetic field

Scientists have determined that two-dimensional boron is a natural low-temperature superconductor. In fact, it may be the only 2-D material with such potential.


A study of over 6,000 mothers and their newborn children shows that a mother's smoking alters her fetus' DNA


Direct link between Zika virus and microcephaly found


See the source article by following the link below:
Direct link between Zika virus and microcephaly found

A new study shows that more extraverted people are likely to overlook written errors that would cause introverted people to judge the person who makes such errors more negatively.


Simulations have revealed how supermassive black holes and galaxies formed from collapsing gas clouds in the early universe formed 700 million years after the Big Bang.


UK researchers have built a small device that measures tiny fluctuations in gravity, and could be used to monitor volcanoes or search for oil. Such gravimeters already exist but compared to this postage stamp-sized gadget, they are bulky and pricy.


Fossil of 'early spider' discovered; 305 million years old


See the source article by following the link below:
Fossil of 'early spider' discovered; 305 million years old

Study confirms link between diabetes drug (pioglitazone) and increased risk of bladder cancer however no increased risk was seen for a similar drug (rosiglitazone).


The sex of human and all mammalian babies may be determined by a simple modification of a virus that insinuated itself into the mammalian genome as recently as 1.5 million years ago, a new study has found.


Gendered occupational interests: prenatal androgen effects on psychological orientation to Things versus People. - PubMed


Scientists have identified two Inherited DNA changes (variants) that can cut a person's lifespan by up to three years. These are relatively common and more than two thirds of us will inherit a single copy of one of them from either our mother or father.


Climate Model Predicts West Antarctic Ice Sheet Could Melt Rapidly


See the source article by following the link below:
Climate Model Predicts West Antarctic Ice Sheet Could Melt Rapidly

Researchers show fracking operations near Pavillion Wyoming have had clear impact to underground sources of drinking water. Findings reveal that practices common in the fracking industry may have widespread impacts on drinking water resources.


An international team working at Berkeley has captured the first high-resolution 3-D images from individual double-helix DNA segments attached at either end to gold nanoparticles. The images detail the flexible structure of the DNA segments, which appear as nanoscale jump ropes


Single injection male contraceptive effective in rabbits


See the source article by following the link below:
Single injection male contraceptive effective in rabbits

Scientists publish first heat map of exoplanet. The map reveals a two-faced world -- one half almost entirely molten and the other solid. Temperatures on the hot side of the exoplanet can soar upwards of 2500 degrees Celsius. Highs on the cool side max out at 1100 degrees.


Science AMA Series: We are Margaret Kosmala, Koen Hufkens, and Josh Gray, climate change researchers at Harvard and Boston University who are using automated cameras, satellites, and citizen science to learn more about how future climate change will impact plants across North America. AMA!


See the source article by following the link below:

Hi Reddit,

We're Margaret Kosmala and Koen Hufkens at Harvard University and Josh Gray at Boston University. We're part of a research group that has been putting automated cameras on weather towers and other elevated platforms to study the the seasonal timing of changes in plants, shrubs, and trees – called 'phenology'. Because this timing of when plants leaf, flower, and fruit is very sensitive to changes in weather, plant phenology alerts us to changing climate patterns. Our network of about 300 cameras ('PhenoCams') take pictures of vegetated landscapes every half hour, every day, all year round. (That's a lot of pictures!) With the data from these images we can figure the relationships between plant phenology and local weather and then predict the effects of future climate using models.

We also use images from satellites to broaden the extent of our analyses beyond the 300 specific sites where we have cameras. And we use citizen science to help turn our PhenoCam images into usable data, through our Season Spotter project. Anyone can go to Season Spotter and answer a few short questions about an image to help us better interpret the image. Right now we are running a “spring challenge” to classify 9,500 images of springtime. With the results, we will be able to pinpoint the first and last days of spring, which will help calibrate climate change models.

We'll be back at 1 pm EST (10 am PST, 6 pm UTC) to answer your questions; we're looking forward to talking to you about climate change, plants, and public participation in science!

">Science AMA Series: We are Margaret Kosmala, Koen Hufkens, and Josh Gray, climate change researchers at Harvard and Boston University who are using automated cameras, satellites, and citizen science to learn more about how future climate change will impact plants across North America. AMA!

Finnish Study Confirms Link Between Zika Virus And Fetal Brain Damage


See the source article by following the link below:
Finnish Study Confirms Link Between Zika Virus And Fetal Brain Damage

Scientists find a parasitic moth that, as a caterpillar, pretends to be an ant queen. Ant workers then feed the caterpillars while the real queens starve and die, eventually leading to destruction of the colony.


30 March, 2016

Knowing there is a 50% chance of electric shock causes people more stress than knowing the chance is 100% or zero, showing stress responses are tuned to environmental uncertainty


Fracking, not wastewater disposal, linked to most induced earthquakes in Western Canada


People With Less Active Social Lives May Be Happier — If They Have a High IQ and Live in an Urban setting


Study finds that food packaging alters what people see as a reasonable serving size, causing people to overeat. The results show that manufacturers should be "less misleading" with their packaging


Study: California could get 74% of power from rooftop solar | and about 40 percent of the country's electricity needs, according to a new study from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.


Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use causes changes in the way that people think about time that may help develop drug therapies for people suffering from depression, according to a study published in the Journal of Psychopharmacology.


Tests suggests some varieties of olive trees appear to be resistant to an invasive pathogen posing a serious risk to Europe's olive industry. The findings came to light during a study into the host range of the bacteria, which reached Europe in 2013.


Worrying you might get hurt is worse than knowing you will, study finds. An experiment found that having a 50 percent chance of receiving a painful electric shock was actually more stressful than having a 100 percent chance of receiving one.


According to a report by scientists at NYU Langone Medical Center, the annual economic cost of the nearly 16,000 premature births linked to air pollution in the United States has reached $4.33 billion.


Scientists have discovered that ants not only pick up information through their antennae, but also use them to convey social signals. It is believed to be the first time antennae have been found to be a two-way communication device, rather than just a receptor.


Planetary researchers on NASA’s Cassini mission have published a new study describing the process that drives and sustains long-lived geysers on Enceladus, Saturn’s sixth largest, icy moon.


Student created water bottle from Algae which decomposes itself once empty


See the source article by following the link below:
Student created water bottle from Algae which decomposes itself once empty

As e-cigarettes are not subjected to excise duties and taxes, these are generally perceived to be cheaper than the traditional combustible cigarettes. A recent study, however, shatters the misconception about e-cigarettes being a cost-effective alternative for the smokers.


New technique reads out on the effectiveness of chemotherapy in as few as eight hours after treatment. Using a nanoparticle that delivers a drug and then fluoresces green when cancer cells begin dying, researchers visualized whether a tumor is resistant much sooner than currently available methods


Unravelling a geological mystery using lasers from space


See the source article by following the link below:
Unravelling a geological mystery using lasers from space

Researchers find that nostalgia improves creativity. Participants asked to recall a nostalgic memory wrote more creative prose than participants who recalled an everyday event.


Scientists have built autonomous nanobots powered only by chemical energy that can "sense" their environment and repair broken circuits too small for a human eye to see.


Emotional distress in teens linked to future joblessness


See the source article by following the link below:
Emotional distress in teens linked to future joblessness

Periodic mass extinctions on Earth, as indicated in the global fossil record, could be linked to a suspected ninth planet, according to new research


PLOS Science Wednesday: Hi Reddit, we’re Michael Emerman and Lucie Etienne, and our PLOS Pathogens research looks at the role of host genes in preventing (or not) cross-species transmission of viruses related to HIV – Ask Us Anything!


See the source article by following the link below:

Hi Reddit,

We are Michael Emerman and Lucie Etienne. Michael is a Full Member at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, WA, and Lucie is an Assistant Professor at the International Center of Infectiology Research in Lyon, France. Our research focuses on the evolutionary battle between viruses and their hosts with an emphasis on viruses such as HIV. We study how viruses evolve to infect new hosts by neutralizing some of the host defense proteins.

We recently published a paper in PLOS Pathogens entitled “The Role of the Antiviral APOBEC3 Gene Family in Protecting Chimpanzees against Lentiviruses from Monkeys”. In this study, we wondered why chimpanzees are not infected by more viruses like HIV since they eat many monkeys that harbor similar viruses, called SIVs. We found that a protein in the chimpanzee called APOBEC3G may protect them from infection because the SIVs from monkeys are not capable of overcoming its antiviral effects. The actions of APOBEC3G and its interactions with the viral proteins also help understand better the ancient origins of HIV.

We will be answering your questions at 1pm ET -- Ask Us Anything!

">PLOS Science Wednesday: Hi Reddit, we’re Michael Emerman and Lucie Etienne, and our PLOS Pathogens research looks at the role of host genes in preventing (or not) cross-species transmission of viruses related to HIV – Ask Us Anything!

Neuroscience backs up the Buddhist belief that “the self” isn’t constant, but ever-changing


29 March, 2016

Scientists say a 305 million-year-old fossil is the closest relative to "true spiders" ever discovered - but is not itself a spider. Easily pre-dating the dinosaurs, the 1.5cm creature lived alongside the oldest known ancestors of modern spiders but its lineage is now extinct.


New Headline Requirements for Submissions to /r/science


See the source article by following the link below:

We read /r/science a lot, probably more than your average reddit user (ok....certainly more....)

One of the most frustrating things we see in /r/science are headlines which makes fantastic claims, but when you read the details of the study you find that it was in mice, a cell culture, a computer model, or a small group of college students. We already remove headlines that are overly biased or sensationalized (you'll notice that you don't see headlines which claim "cures" in /r/science.) This leaves headlines that make a truthful statement, but leave out a critical bit of information, for example, the effect was only seen in a cell culture.

In order to further reduce the misleading nature of headlines, we will now require headlines to identify the population or model that the study was conducted in (if applicable.) We will be be enforcing this starting today.

If you submit to /r/science, please make note of this rule as headlines can not be edited after submission, so if your submission is removed for this reason you will need to resubmit. (We have also moved a simplified list of our submission and comment rules to the sidebar for greater visibility.)

As a reader, if you see a submission which does not give this information, please report it or message the mods, we depend on all of you to maintain the quality of /r/science.

Thanks for reading and contributing to make /r/science great!

">New Headline Requirements for Submissions to /r/science

Scientists have found evidence that a vegetarian diet has led to a mutation that - if they stray from a balanced omega-6 to omega-3 diet - may make people more susceptible to inflammation, and by association, increased risk of heart disease and colon cancer.


Vegetarian diet permanently shaped human genome and may increase risk of heart disease and cancer. Cornell team compare vegetarian population from India to meat-eaters from Kansas.


Scientists have devised a triple-stage "cluster bomb" system for delivering the chemotherapy drug cisplatin, via tiny, smart polymeric clustered nanoparticle (iCluster) designed to break up when they reach a tumor.


Scientists show air pollution slows valley breezes and diminishes surface moisture in the air surrounding Mount Hua, a peak in China's Shaanxi Province. The pollution's wind- and moisture-negating interaction with sunlight energy is responsible for a 40% reduction of precipitation.