When fathers watch their own kids play football, their testosterone levels increased by 81% and cortisol levels by 417%, rising even higher if there was a perception of referee unfairness, with implications for the problem of sideline violence, suggests a new, small study.

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When fathers watch their own kids play football, their testosterone levels increased by 81% and cortisol levels by 417%, rising even higher if there was a perception of referee unfairness, with implications for the problem of sideline violence, suggests a new, small study.